Country Risk Profiles

Timber

Save your supply chain for quick access to risk data in the future. You will also receive notifications about changes in the risk profile of countries in your supply chain. You will need to create a supply chain for each country of origin that you source from.

Supply chain title

Country of harvest

Transit country (optional)

Download all data excel

List of risk mitigation options

If a risk has been identified for a specific commodity, then that risk will have to be mitigated before sourcing from the country of origin. Addressing a risk can be done by verifying documentation, or it can require onsite field verification. It can also include engaging with local communities. The complexity of such risk mitigation efforts will depend on the risk identified and the country of origin. Below is an overview of recommended actions for mitigating risks. The mitigation measures have been grouped by the types of actions relevant for the respective country. If you want to see each risk listed with the relevant mitigation options, please go to the Risk Overview tab. Please mind that risk mitigation is the responsibility of the purchaser of the product. This requires that the purchaser shall assess if the risk has been adressed.

Document verification

Stakeholder consultation

Field verification

Do not buy

Document verification

Collecting and validating relevant documents is a crucial part of identifying and assessing supply chain risks. A critical review of the documents is vital to mitigating risks and understanding their information value. Always be aware of the dangers of fraudulent documentation.

Risk mitigation options

Inspection Portal website

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Inspection Portal website

Check Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of occupation of forest land for other activities

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of occupation of forest land for other activities

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

It is recommended not to purchase wood from sanitary cuttings, if possible. Measures that could be applied in case of purchase of wood from sanitary cutting are: Check Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of planning of sanitary cutting in a healthy forest. In case risks are identified, online, onsite audits for each logging site (not just sampling) are recommended.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of planning and conducting unjustified sanitary cutting in the healthy forest

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to not renewed of FMP in time; In case there are risks, request additional information from FMP.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of lack of approval of continuous forest management planning at the FME level

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check the Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua ) for the absence of risks related to the incorrect allotment and mensuration of harvest areas

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect allotment and mensuration of harvest areas

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check the Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to the selling wood methods.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of selling Roundwood through direct agreement, without auction

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check the Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to the selling wood methods.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of selling roundwood through auction without competition

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to technological (logging) maps

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of preparing technological (logging) maps without considering field practices

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check Inspection Portal website for the absence of risks related to the quality of harvesting activities and following the technical and silvicultural requirements; In case there are risks, check the occurrence in an onsite visit.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of violation of technical and silvicultural requirements

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check the Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to the incorrect assessment of volumes, species composition, and size-quality characteristics of wood

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect assessment of volumes, species composition, and size-quality characteristics of wood during planning

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to species listed in Red Book

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that habitats of Red Book species are destroyed

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of harvest without the necessary permits (Logging ticket)

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to logging activities affecting the NRFs

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that harvesting activities affect the conservation status of protected areas (e.g., landscapes, monumental trees, etc.)

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to providing health and safety equipment

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that health and safety equipment are not provided by the employer or used by the staff

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to prohibited sanitary cutting conducted in the Carpathian region; In case there are risks, check the occurrence in an onsite visit.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that prohibited sanitary cutting in the Carpathians is conducted through another cutting type name, but in practice is still to be considered sanitary cutting

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to wearing health and safety equipment

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forest workers are not following the safety measures defined in logging maps

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to harvesting of trees that perform “important environmental functions”; In case there are risks, check the occurrence in an onsite visit.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that trees performing “important environmental functions” (as defined by the Law) are removed

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forests workers do not receive benefits guaranteed by Law

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to environmental impact assessment.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the requirements for the development of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) are not followed

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

Check the Inspection Portal website (https://inspections.gov.ua) for the absence of risks related to the inclusion of environmental details on the logging maps.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the logging maps, chapter 8 on Nature Protection requirements do not contain environmental details

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that technical specification of technological equipment is inaccurate

Mitigation Option : Check Inspection Portal website

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that workers are not employed through a formal agreements

Report of the State Environmental Inspectorate

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify report of the State Environmental Inspectorate

Request and check the latest report of the State Environmental Inspectorate to verify that no risks related to the occupation of the forest have been identified.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of occupation of forest land for other activities

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate

Request and Check reports (acts in Ukrainian) of State Environmental Inspectorate (Державна екологічна інспекція України) confirming the absence of violations related to the logging maps.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of preparing technological (logging) maps without considering field practices

Certificate of ownership rights

Source Types:Forest managed by other entitiesForest owned by the state and managed by SFRA

Mitigation Option : Verify Certificate of ownership rights

Request and check the certificate of ownership rights. This can be checked online in the State Cadastre Database (https://map.land.gov.ua/ )

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of forest management without having land right documents in place

Mitigation Option : Verify Certificate of ownership rights

For wood sourced from Category B. Forest managed by other entities Request and check the certificate of ownership rights. This can be checked online in the State Cadastre Database (https://map.land.gov.ua/ )

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of harvest without the necessary permits (Logging ticket)

Registration from State Register for Real Estate

Source Types:Forest managed by other entitiesForest owned by the state and managed by SFRA

Mitigation Option : Verify Registration from State Register for Real Estate

Request and check registration from State Register for Real Estate. See "How to check the land plot ownership" -(instruction in Ukrainian): Як перевірити інформацію про земельну ділянку – Головне управління Держгеокадастру у Херсонській області (land.gov.ua)

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of forest management without having land right documents in place

Mitigation Option : Verify Registration from State Register for Real Estate

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of conversion of forest land to agriculture

Mitigation Option : Verify Registration from State Register for Real Estate

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of harvest without the necessary permits (Logging ticket)

Harvesting permit (Logging Ticket)

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Harvesting permit (Logging Ticket)

Check the absence of risks related to the illegal obtaining of harvesting permits for sanitary cuttings. Note: Harvesting permits for sanitary logging includes Logging Tickets, Phytosanitary Assessment (performed by the specialized expert organization), as well as permission of the Regional Department of the State Forest Resource Agency (for sanitary clear cuttings), or permission from the Ministry of Environment (for sanitary cutting in Nature Reserve Fund (protected areas)). In case risks are identified, online, onsite audits for each logging site (not just sampling) are recommended.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of planning and conducting unjustified sanitary cutting in the healthy forest

Mitigation Option : Verify Harvesting permit (Logging Ticket)

Check the record of species and volumes (On harvesting permit (Logging Ticket))

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect assessment of volumes, species composition, and size-quality characteristics of wood during planning

Mitigation Option : Verify Harvesting permit (Logging Ticket)

The issuance of harvest permits (Logging Tickets) based on in-correct inventory data could be checked through onsite verification

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that harvesting permits (Logging Tickets) contains wrong information: species are not correctly identified (high-value species classified as low-value species; harvesting permits (Logging Tickets) are based on wrong inventory data

Mitigation Option : Verify Harvesting permit (Logging Ticket)

Request and review harvesting permits (logging Ticket) and check the type of cutting

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that prohibited sanitary cutting in the Carpathians is conducted through another cutting type name, but in practice is still to be considered sanitary cutting

Mitigation Option : Verify Harvesting permit (Logging Ticket)

Request and review harvesting permits (Logging Ticket) for information about trees that perform “important environmental functions.” Information from the document shall be in line with findings from the field

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that trees performing “important environmental functions” (as defined by the Law) are removed

Mitigation Option : Verify Harvesting permit (Logging Ticket)

Harvesting permits (Logging Tickets) to verify the area of harvesting require an EIA. It is recommended to implement onsite observation, document review, and consultation with governmental authorities and representatives of civil society. This measure will not fully verify that legislation is followed; however, if experts are used in this process, they shall verify if the harvesting area needs additional measures that are not considered in the EIA, and it will minimise the risk of the legislation having been violated.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the requirements for the development of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) are not followed

Mitigation Option : Verify harvesting permit (Logging Ticket)

Check the record of species and volumes on harvesting permit (Logging Ticket)

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect assessment of volumes, species composition, and size-quality characteristics of wood during planning

Satellite data

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Satellite data

Review satellite data: In some cases, it is possible to check the health of the forest stand through satellite data when the effects are visible (windstorm, drying). In case risks are identified, online, onsite audits for each logging site (not just sampling) are recommended.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of planning and conducting unjustified sanitary cutting in the healthy forest

Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance with environmental requirements

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance with e

Request and check that reports (acts in Ukrainian) of State Environmental Inspectorate confirm that. o the environmental legislation has been followed and that there are no violations identified during harvest planning. o No violations related to issuing of permits.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of planning and conducting unjustified sanitary cutting in the healthy forest

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance with e

Request and Check acts of State Environmental Inspectorate confirming the absence of violations related to the quality of harvesting activities and following the technical and silvicultural requirements.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of violation of technical and silvicultural requirements

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance with e

Request and check the last report of the State Environmental Inspectorate

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that habitats of Red Book species are destroyed

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance with e

Acts of State Forest Resource Agency inspection to confirm compliance with nature conservation requirements during logging

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that harvesting activities affect the conservation status of protected areas (e.g., landscapes, monumental trees, etc.)

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance with e

Request and check the last report (acts in Ukrainian) of the State Environmental Inspectorate

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that harvesting activities affect the conservation status of protected areas (e.g., landscapes, monumental trees, etc.)

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance with e

Request and check the last report of the State Environmental Inspectorate to check if there are issues related to harvesting

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that prohibited sanitary cutting in the Carpathians is conducted through another cutting type name, but in practice is still to be considered sanitary cutting

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance with e

Request and check the last report of the State Environmental Inspectorate It is recommended to implement onsite observation, document review, and consultation with governmental authorities and representatives of civil society. This measure will not fully verify that legislation is followed; however, if experts are used in this process, they shall verify if the harvesting area needs additional measures that are not considered in the EIA, and it will minimise the risk of the legislation having been violated.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the requirements for the development of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) are not followed

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance with e

Request and check the last report of the State Environmental Inspectorate to confirm compliance with nature conservation requirements

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the logging maps, chapter 8 on Nature Protection requirements do not contain environmental details

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance

Request and check acts of State Environmental Inspectorate (Державна екологічна інспекція України) confirming that the level of pollution and the presence of permits for emission.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that small sawmills are not legally registered

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance with e

Request and check reports (acts) of State Environmental Inspectorate (Державна екологічна інспекція України) confirming that the following of health and safety requirements

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that activities are conducted without minimisation of pollution

Mitigation Option : Verify Act of the State Environmental Inspectorate on verification of compliance

Request and check reports (acts) of State Environmental Inspectorate (Державна екологічна інспекція України) confirming that the accurate technical specification of technological equipment.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that activities are conducted without considering health and safety requirements

Forest Management Plan

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Forest Management Plan

Review the Forest Management Plan to verify the validity and approval by the Ministry of Environment

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of lack of approval of continuous forest management planning at the FME level

Mitigation Option : Verify Forest Management Plan

Check the Forest Management plan and verify that data in the harvesting permit (Logging Ticket) matches the inventory data. Indicated species on the harvesting permit (Logging Ticket) shall be available in the inventory

MARK AS DONE

Waybills

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Waybills

Check waybill and verify that species and quality match the received material, as well as the information provided in the harvesting permit.

MARK AS DONE

Mitigation Option : Verify Waybills

Waybills will only be issued if a Forest Management Plan is in place for the area of harvest. Therefore, the risk will be mitigated by collecting waybills and ensuring that there has been no fraudulent use of these waybills. • Request and check waybills for all transport of wood from the forest. • In the case of wood obtained from source type A. Forest owned and managed by the state, check the waybill in the state database ( https://open.ukrforest.com/) to ensure that the waybill is genuine. • Ensure that quantity of raw material from waybills is enough to cover production; • Ensure that yield is in limits known for transformation of raw material to a specific product.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of logging in areas not covered by a Forest Management Plan

Mitigation Option : Verify Waybills

For wood sourced from Category A. Forest owned and managed by the state Check the waybill in the state database to ensure that waybill is genuine. Logging Tickets are valid for a year, and harvesting could be conducted several times within that period on the same plot (in contradiction with legislation). Waybills will contain additional information to the Logging Ticket and be issued only if a harvest permit (Logging Ticket) is in place. Therefore, the risk identified can be mitigated by requesting and checking the presence of waybills for all transports from the forest. • Request and check waybills for all transport of wood from the forest. • In the case of wood obtained from source type A. Forest owned and managed by the state, check the waybill in the state database (https://open.ukrforest.com/) to ensure that the waybill is genuine. • Ensure that quantity of raw material from waybills is enough to cover production.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of harvest without the necessary permits (Logging ticket)

Mitigation Option : Verify Waybills

Request and check waybills for all transport of wood from the forest. o In the case of wood obtained from source type A. Forest owned and managed by the state, check the waybill in the state database (https://open.ukrforest.com/) to ensure that the waybill is genuine. o Ensure that quantity of raw material from waybills is enough to cover production. o Ensure that yield is in limits known for transformation of raw material to a specific product. o Check if the waybills specify that wood originates directly or close to protected sites/compartments and could considerably impact these sites.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of illegal logging in protected areas (Nature Reserve Funds)

Mitigation Option : Verify Waybills

Request and check waybills for all transport of wood from the forest. • In the case of wood obtained from source type A. Forest owned and managed by the state, check the waybill in the state database ( https://open.ukrforest.com/) to ensure that the waybill is genuine. • Ensure that quantity of raw material from waybills is enough to cover production. • Ensure that yield is in limits known for transformation of raw material to a specific product.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect classification of species, qualities, and quantities in waybills

Mitigation Option : Verify Waybills

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of transport of wood without waybills

Mitigation Option : Verify Waybills

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of multiple transports with the same waybill

Mitigation Option : Verify Waybills

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of transport with fraudulent waybill

Mitigation Option : Verify Waybills

Ensure that waybills accompany all wood transports, as only legally registered companies can issue waybills

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of understating classification and volumes of timber for exports

Invoice

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Invoice

Check invoice and verify that species and quality match the received material, as well as the information provided in the harvesting permit.

MARK AS DONE

Mitigation Option : Verify Invoice

Check invoices and verify prices are aligned with sales prices and are not suspicious. Ensure that there are no letterbox companies involved in the supply chain

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of illegal transfer pricing occurring at a different level of the supply chain

Mitigation Option : Verify Invoice

Request and review the last invoice of purchasing health and safety equipment.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that health and safety equipment are not provided by the employer or used by the staff

Mitigation Option : Verify Invoice

Ensure that correct classification and volume is written on invoice and product specification.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of understating classification and volumes of timber for exports

Contract of sale of wood (forest products)

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Contract of sale of wood (forest products)

Check contract of sale of wood (forest products), including invoices and specifications

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of selling Roundwood through direct agreement, without auction

Mitigation Option : Verify Contract of sale of wood (forest products)

Check contract of sale of wood (forest products), including invoices and specifications

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of selling roundwood through auction without competition

Auction certificate

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Auction certificate

Verify that wood is sold at average prices.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of selling Roundwood through direct agreement, without auction

Mitigation Option : Verify Auction certificate

Verify that wood is sold at average prices.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of selling roundwood through auction without competition

Records of inspection and inventory of allotment and mensuration of harvest area

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Records of inspection and inventory of allotment and mensuration of harvest area

State forestry bodies have records of inspection and inventory of allotment and mensuration of harvest areas. The FME can provide the document

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect allotment and mensuration of harvest areas

Report (Acts in Ukrainian) of state control bodies on verifying compliance with environmental legislation

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Report (Acts in Ukrainian) of state control bodies on verifying compliance with

Report (Acts in Ukrainian) of state control bodies on verifying compliance with environmental legislation confirm the legality of obtaining harvest permits (Logging Tickets). The FME can provide the document.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect allotment and mensuration of harvest areas

Mitigation Option : Verify Report (Acts in Ukrainian) of state control bodies on verifying compliance with

Check reports (act)s of state control bodies to verify compliance with volumes, species, and quality measurements.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect assessment of volumes, species composition, and size-quality characteristics of wood during planning

Mitigation Option : Verify Report (Acts in Ukrainian) of state control bodies on verifying compliance with

Reports (acts in Ukrainian) of State Forest Resource Agency inspection to confirm compliance with nature conservation requirements during logging

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the logging maps, chapter 8 on Nature Protection requirements do not contain environmental details

Reporting documentation of forest users

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Reporting documentation of forest users

Reporting documentation of forest users to confirm observance of limits on forest resources use within the boundaries of territories and objects of the Nature Reserve Fund (NRF) of national and local significance.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect allotment and mensuration of harvest areas

GPS-monitoring of forest machines in state forest enterprises

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify GPS-monitoring of forest machines in state forest enterprises

GPS-monitoring of forest machines in state forest enterprises, if possible. The practice is voluntary and not widely used. The main purpose of the software product is to create a database on the movement of forest machines in the forests and roads of Ukraine. Each user of this System will be able to track and view the transport of wood from the felling site to the consumer online; view the enclosed documents (waybills TTN-forest), the starting points of the vehicle, its stops on the route, and the points of unloading wood in real-time on the map of Ukraine.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect allotment and mensuration of harvest areas

Acts of inspection by the state fiscal authorities

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Acts of inspection by the state fiscal authorities

Acts of inspection by the state fiscal authorities to confirm the accuracy of assessment of rent for special use of forest resources

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of underestimation of the tax “special use of forest resources’’ as the tax is based on in-correct classification of wood

Financial Audit Report

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Financial Audit Report

Check financial audit and ensure that there are no financial risks. Check the recalculations of taxes and ensure that the data is correct (Information can be found at the Main Departments of the State Tax Service in the regions.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of underestimation of the tax “special use of forest resources’’ as the tax is based on in-correct classification of wood

Technological (logging) map

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Technological map

Verify that the technological (logging) maps are in line with the situation on the ground and the onsite operation.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of preparing technological (logging) maps without considering field practices

Mitigation Option : Verify Technological map

Check the requirements from the technological (logging) map to support onsite verification

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of violation of technical and silvicultural requirements

Mitigation Option : Verify Technological map

Check the record of species and volumes on Technological map

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect assessment of volumes, species composition, and size-quality characteristics of wood during planning

Mitigation Option : Verify Technological map

Request the technological (logging) maps and check the environmental requirements. Verify that the technological maps comply with the protected sites/species in FME unit maps.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that habitats of Red Book species are destroyed

Mitigation Option : Verify Technological map

Request the technological (logging) maps and check the environmental requirements.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that harvesting activities affect the conservation status of protected areas (e.g., landscapes, monumental trees, etc.)

Mitigation Option : Verify Technological map

Request and review the content of logging maps in terms of health and safety rules. Check if there are documents showing that safety measures defined in logging maps are followed.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forest workers are not following the safety measures defined in logging maps

Mitigation Option : Verify Technological map

Check Technological (logging) maps, both under development and completed. o Environmental details are added to the logging maps. o Nature conservation requirements are incorporated.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the logging maps, chapter 8 on Nature Protection requirements do not contain environmental details

List of NRF objects

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify List of NRF objects

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that identified Nature Reserve Funds are not registered correctly in the State Land Cadastre

Mitigation Option : Verify List of NRF objects

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that harvesting activities affect the conservation status of protected areas (e.g., landscapes, monumental trees, etc.)

Record from the State Register of Real Property Rights

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Record from the State Register of Real Property Rights

Check the correct registration for NRFs in the State Land Cadastre – request record from the State Register of Real Property Rights and confirm the Nature Reserve status.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that identified Nature Reserve Funds are not registered correctly in the State Land Cadastre

Documents that H&S equipment

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Documents that H&S equipment

Check the documents that H&S equipment has been supplied to forest workers

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that health and safety equipment are not provided by the employer or used by the staff

Report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues

Request and check the last report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that health and safety equipment are not provided by the employer or used by the staff

Mitigation Option : Verify Report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forest workers are not following the safety measures defined in logging maps

Mitigation Option : Verify Report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues

Request and check the last report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forests workers do not receive benefits guaranteed by Law

Mitigation Option : Verify Report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues

Request and check the last report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forests workers do not receive benefits guaranteed by Law

Mitigation Option : Verify Report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues

Request and check the last report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that technical specification of technological equipment is inaccurate

Mitigation Option : Verify Report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues

Request and check the last report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that workers are not employed through a formal agreements

Mitigation Option : Verify Report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues

Request and check the last report of the State Service of Ukraine on the Work Issues.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that workers are not employed through a formal agreements

Contract (or order) with forest workers

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Contract (or order) with forest workers

Request and review the contracts (or orders) with forest workers and ensure that the number of forest workers is appropriate to the scale of activities.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forests workers do not receive benefits guaranteed by Law

Mitigation Option : Verify Contract (or order) with forest workers

Request and review the contracts (or orders) with staff and ensure that the number of staff is appropriate to the scale of activities.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that technical specification of technological equipment is inaccurate

Mitigation Option : Verify Contract (or order) with forest workers

Request and review the contracts (or orders) with forest workers and ensure that the number of forest workers is appropriate to the scale of activities.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that workers are not employed through a formal agreements

Salary payment (payment order)

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Salary payment

Evidence that salary payments are up to date and records showing that the salaries are paid on time and are not lower than state guarantees

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forests workers do not receive benefits guaranteed by Law

Mitigation Option : Verify Salary payment

Evidence that salary payments are up to date and records showing that the salaries are paid on time and are not lower than state guarantees

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that workers are not employed through a formal agreements

Environmental Impact Assessment

Source Types:Forest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Environmental Impact Assessment

Review the Environmental Impact Assessment is in place. It is recommended to implement onsite observation, document review, and consultation with governmental authorities and representatives of civil society. This measure will not fully verify that legislation is followed; however, if experts are used in this process, they shall verify if the harvesting area needs additional measures that are not considered in the EIA, and it will minimise the risk of the legislation having been violated.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the requirements for the development of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) are not followed

Logging area

Source Types:Forest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Forest visits shall verify:

If the Environmental Impact Assessment correspond to the actual situation in the field
If there is a negative environmental impact of harvesting activities in violation of the Law.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the requirements for the development of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) are not followed

Product specification

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Product specification

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of understating classification and volumes of timber for exports

Business license

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Business license

The legal registration of the sawmill could be checked through the existence of a business license

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of understating classification and volumes of timber for exports

Production facilities

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Production facilities

Visit production facility to verify the pollution facilities and ensure that facilities are in line with documents

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that small sawmills are not legally registered

Governmental authorities

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Consult Governmental authorities

Implement a stakeholder consultation process with governmental authorities to confirm the minimization of pollution.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that small sawmills are not legally registered

Local environmental NGOs

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Consult Local environmental NGOs

Implement a stakeholder consultation process with representatives of civil society to confirm the minimization of pollution.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that small sawmills are not legally registered

Internal procedures

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Internal procedures

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that activities are conducted without minimisation of pollution

Technical specification

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Verify Technical specification

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that activities are conducted without considering health and safety requirements

Stakeholder consultation

Stakeholder consultations can vary significantly in scope. It can range from consultation with indigenous peoples and local communities to have a single question raised with authorities in the sourcing country. The first step in any public consultation is to identify the relevant stakeholders. This requires first-hand knowledge of the communities and languages spoken. Always document the undertaking of a consultation process for future reference.

Risk mitigation options

Governmental authorities

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Consult Governmental authorities

Implement a stakeholder consultation process with governmental authorities to confirm that there is no occupation of forest land for other activities.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of occupation of forest land for other activities

Mitigation Option : Consult Governmental authorities

Implement a stakeholder consultation process with governmental authorities to confirm the absence of risks related to destroying habitats of Red Book Species.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that habitats of Red Book species are destroyed

Mitigation Option : Consult Governmental authorities

Conduct a stakeholder consultation process with governmental authorities to confirm the prohibition related to sanitary felling is respected in the FME.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that prohibited sanitary cutting in the Carpathians is conducted through another cutting type name, but in practice is still to be considered sanitary cutting

Mitigation Option : Consult Governmental authorities

Implement a stakeholder consultation process with governmental authorities and representatives of civil society to confirm that nature conservation requirements during logging activities are followed.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that trees performing “important environmental functions” (as defined by the Law) are removed

Mitigation Option : Consult Governmental authorities

Implement a stakeholder consultation process with governmental authorities to confirm that environmental impact is considered in harvesting activities

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the requirements for the development of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) are not followed

Local environmental NGOs

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Consult Local environmental NGOs

Implement a stakeholder consultation process with representatives of civil society to confirm that there is no occupation of forest land for other activities.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of occupation of forest land for other activities

Mitigation Option : Consult Local environmental NGOs

Consult local environmental NGOs to obtain objectivity in planning and issuing harvesting permits for sanitary cuts.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of planning and conducting unjustified sanitary cutting in the healthy forest

Mitigation Option : Consult Local environmental NGOs

Consult local environmental organisations for objectivity on allotment and mensuration of harvest areas are correctly conducted

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect allotment and mensuration of harvest areas

Mitigation Option : Consult Local environmental NGOs

Consult local environmental organisations for the objectivity of correct assessing volumes, species composition, and size-quality characteristics of wood during planning.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect assessment of volumes, species composition, and size-quality characteristics of wood during planning

Mitigation Option : Consult Local environmental NGOs

Implement a stakeholder consultation process with representatives of civil society to confirm the absence of risks related to destroying habitats of Red Book Species.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that habitats of Red Book species are destroyed

Mitigation Option : Consult Local environmental NGOs

Conduct a stakeholder consultation process with representatives of civil society to confirm the prohibition related to sanitary felling is respected in the FME

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that prohibited sanitary cutting in the Carpathians is conducted through another cutting type name, but in practice is still to be considered sanitary cutting

Mitigation Option : Consult Local environmental NGOs

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that trees performing “important environmental functions” (as defined by the Law) are removed

Mitigation Option : Consult Local environmental NGOs

Implement a stakeholder consultation process with representatives of civil society to confirm that environmental impact is considered in harvesting activities

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the requirements for the development of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) are not followed

Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Consult Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

Interviews with relevant staff/workers of the FME shall show that they are aware of legislative requirements to not allow other activities in forest land

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of occupation of forest land for other activities

Mitigation Option : Consult Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

Interviews with staff/workers shall confirm legislative requirements on when sanitary cutting can be planned.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of planning and conducting unjustified sanitary cutting in the healthy forest

Mitigation Option : Consult Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

Interview with forest workers: During the onsite visit, ensure to talk privately with forest workers. Based on discussion with them. o ensure that they are aware of health and safety measures defined in logging maps

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forest workers are not following the safety measures defined in logging maps

Mitigation Option : Consult Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

Interview with forest workers: During the onsite visit, ensure to talk privately with forest workers. Based on discussion with them. o ensure that health and safety equipment is provided. o ensure that they are wearing health and safety equipment daily.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that health and safety equipment are not provided by the employer or used by the staff

Mitigation Option : Consult Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

Interview workers to verify that health and safety requirements are followed.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that activities are conducted without minimisation of pollution

Mitigation Option : Consult Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

Interview with staff: During the onsite visit, ensure to talk privately with staff. Based on discussion with them. o ensure that the staff has an agreement with the organisation.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that technical specification of technological equipment is inaccurate

Field verification

Not all risks can be mitigated unless the actual harvest site and operations are visited by competent staff or consultants able to verify legal compliance of the forest operations. If an onsite verification is needed will depend on the type of risks and the risk level in the country of origin. First-hand knowledge on forest operations and language skills are required to conduct a meaningful onsite verification.

Risk mitigation options

Logging area

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Field observations from forest visits shall verify the absence of other activities on forest land where timber is originating from.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of occupation of forest land for other activities

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Before sanitary cutting, the logging site preparation by the forest organisation representatives (FME/Forest managers) or by independent experts should be checked to verify the necessity of carrying out sanitary cutting.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of planning and conducting unjustified sanitary cutting in the healthy forest

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Confirm the absence of abnormalities in allotment and mensuration of harvest areas. The person/team conducting the onsite audit shall have the necessary language skills and knowledge.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect allotment and mensuration of harvest areas

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Field check of logging site to confirm good quality harvesting practices and that technical and silvicultural requirement are being followed.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of violation of technical and silvicultural requirements

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Field check to confirm that the technological (logging) maps are completed and in compliance with the situation in the field

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of preparing technological (logging) maps without considering field practices

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Field check of harvesting area to confirm that harvesting is not destroying species listed in Red Book.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that habitats of Red Book species are destroyed

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Confirm the absence of incorrect assessment of volumes, species composition, and size-quality characteristics of wood. Field observations shall align with documentation and information from the internet/databases listed above. The person/team conducting the onsite audit shall have the necessary language skills and knowledge.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect assessment of volumes, species composition, and size-quality characteristics of wood during planning

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Field check of harvesting area confirms the necessity of harvesting activity, and that harvesting is not affecting the conservation status

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that harvesting activities affect the conservation status of protected areas (e.g., landscapes, monumental trees, etc.)

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Check if the harvest area is in the Carpathian region at an altitude higher than 1100 m; check if cutting could be classified as sanitary cutting.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that prohibited sanitary cutting in the Carpathians is conducted through another cutting type name, but in practice is still to be considered sanitary cutting

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Field observations shall verify that safety measures defined in logging maps are followed.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forest workers are not following the safety measures defined in logging maps

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Onsite forest visits to verify. • If trees that perform “important environmental functions” (as defined by Law) are present in the forest/forest plot, and. • in case that these species are present, the protection status shall be verified

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that trees performing “important environmental functions” (as defined by the Law) are removed

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Forest visits shall verify that logging maps correspond with field observations and contain relevant environmental details.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that the logging maps, chapter 8 on Nature Protection requirements do not contain environmental details

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Forest visits shall verify that forestry staff has/and use health and safety equipment.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that health and safety equipment are not provided by the employer or used by the staff

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Check the final product and ensure that the final product and species used are not banned for export

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that wood or wood products banned from export are exported

Mitigation Option : Visit Logging area

Inspect the final product to ensure the correct classification and volume

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of understating classification and volumes of timber for exports

Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destination)

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destina

1. Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destination) shall verify that. o a waybill accompanies transport of wood o species, qualities, and quantities of wood transported on trucks compared with the information contained in the waybill 2. Transport time is reasonable

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of logging in areas not covered by a Forest Management Plan

Mitigation Option : Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destina

For wood sourced from Category A. Forest owned and managed by the state Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destination) shall verify that. • a waybill accompanies transport of wood • species, qualities, and quantities of wood transported on trucks compared with the information contained in the waybills • transport time is reasonable

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of harvest without the necessary permits (Logging ticket)

Mitigation Option : Visit Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destina

Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destination) shall verify that. • a waybill accompanies transport of wood • species, qualities, and quantities of wood transported on trucks compared with the information contained in the waybills • transport time is reasonable

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of illegal logging in protected areas (Nature Reserve Funds)

Mitigation Option : Visit Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destina

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of incorrect classification of species, qualities, and quantities in waybills

Mitigation Option : Visit Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destina

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of transport of wood without waybills

Mitigation Option : Visit Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destina

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of multiple transports with the same waybill

Mitigation Option : Visit Control of truck transport at forest and sawmill (point of departure and destina

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk of transport with fraudulent waybill

Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Visit Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

Interviews with FME Staff to ensure they are aware of Red Book species identified in the area they managed

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that habitats of Red Book species are destroyed

Mitigation Option : Visit Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

Interview with forest workers: During the onsite visit, ensure to talk privately with forest workers. Based on discussion with them. o ensure that the forest workers have an agreement with the organisation.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that forests workers do not receive benefits guaranteed by Law

Mitigation Option : Visit Staff/workers of the Forest Management Enterprise

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that workers are not employed through a formal agreements

Production facilities

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Visit Production facilities

Visits to production facility shall verify that health and safety requirements are followed.

MARK AS DONE

Risk : Risk that activities are conducted without minimisation of pollution

Mitigation Option : Visit Production facilities

Visits to production facilities shall verify that the technical specification of technological equipment is accurate

MARK AS DONE

Risk : The risk that activities are conducted without considering health and safety requirements

Do not buy

Where we do not think it is possible to mitigate the identified risk, we suggest not to buy the product in question.

Risk mitigation options

Do not buy

Source Types:Forest owned by the state and managed by SFRAForest managed by other entities

Mitigation Option : Wood from Nature Reserve Funds shall be avoided. To ensure the wood does not originate from protected Nature Reserve Funds, ensure that timber sourced originates from a legal timber source. This shall be done through supply chain mapping, collection of supply chain documentation, and ensuring that the material sourced is not mixed with illegally logged timber

Risk : Risk of illegal logging in protected areas (Nature Reserve Funds)

Mitigation Option : Do not buy

Roundwood timber (code 4403) (fuelwood is exempt). The following valuable and rare tree species; Acacia (акація), Sorbus torminalis (берека), cherry tree (вишня), pear (груша), walnut (горіх), chestnut (каштан), yew (тис ягідний), bird-cherry (черешня), sycamore (явір) and juniper (ялівець)

Risk : Risk that wood or wood products banned from export are exported